The Church of Saint Nicholas is a monumental Baroque church located in the Lesser Town (Malá Strana) district of Prague, Czech Republic. Built between 1704 and 1755, it replaced an earlier Gothic parish church and became one of the most significant examples of High Baroque architecture in Central Europe. The church is distinguished by its massive green copper dome, elaborate interior frescoes, and a prominent bell tower that forms a key element of Prague’s skyline. Designed primarily by Christoph Dientzenhofer and later completed by his son Kilian Ignaz Dientzenhofer, the structure reflects the dynamic spatial planning and dramatic ornamentation characteristic of Bohemian Baroque architecture. The church served the Jesuit order until their suppression in 1773 and remains an active religious site while also functioning as a major cultural and historical landmark.
Key Facts
- Materials
- Sandstone, Brick, Stucco, Copper
- Civilization
- Bohemian (Habsburg period)
- Accessibility
- Partial wheelchair accessibility; stairs to dome and tower
- Date(s)
- 1704 - 1755 CE
- Condition
- Well-preserved, active church and concert venue
- Original Function
- Jesuit church and parish church
- Key Figures
- Christoph Dientzenhofer, Kilian Ignaz Dientzenhofer, Jesuit Order
- Architectural Style
- High Baroque
Gothic Predecessor
13th-17th centuryAn earlier Gothic church dedicated to Saint Nicholas stood on the site from the Middle Ages. As the Lesser Town developed, the structure became insufficient for the expanding parish and the ambitions of the Jesuit order.
Baroque Reconstruction
1704-1755Construction of the present Baroque church began under architect Christoph Dientzenhofer. After his death, his son Kilian Ignaz Dientzenhofer continued the project, completing the nave, dome, and façade. The design emphasized dramatic spatial movement and integrated sculpture, fresco, and architecture.
Jesuit Administration
18th centuryThe church served as a central Jesuit institution in Prague, supporting education and Counter-Reformation efforts in Bohemia. Following the suppression of the Jesuit order in 1773, the church transitioned to regular parish use.
Modern Role
19th century - presentRestoration projects in the 19th and 20th centuries stabilized the dome and preserved interior frescoes. Today, the church functions as both a parish church and a venue for classical music concerts, reflecting its acoustic and architectural qualities.
Key Facts
- Materials
- Sandstone, Brick, Stucco, Copper
- Civilization
- Bohemian (Habsburg period)
- Accessibility
- Partial wheelchair accessibility; stairs to dome and tower