The Aljafería is a fortified medieval Islamic palace built during the second half of the 11th century in the Taifa of Zaragoza. It served as the residence of the Banu Hud dynasty and stands as one of the most significant examples of Hispano-Muslim architecture, showcasing the intricate decorative techniques of the era, including complex interlacing arches and ornate stucco work.
Following the Christian conquest of Zaragoza in 1118, the palace became the residence of the Kings of Aragon. Over the centuries, it underwent significant modifications, including the addition of the Palace of the Catholic Monarchs and its later use as a headquarters for the Spanish Inquisition and a military barracks. Today, it serves as the seat of the Cortes of Aragon, the regional parliament.
Key Facts
- Materials
- Brick, Stucco, Marble, Wood
- Civilization
- Taifa of Zaragoza / Kingdom of Aragon
- Accessibility
- Wheelchair accessible in most public areas
- Date(s)
- 11th century
- Condition
- Restored and active as a legislative building
- Original Function
- Residential palace and fortress
- Key Figures
- Al-Muqtadir, Peter IV of Aragon, Isabella I of Castile, Ferdinand II of Aragon
Islamic Origins
11th centuryCommissioned by the Taifa king Al-Muqtadir, the palace was designed as a 'Palace of Joy' (Qasr al-Surur). It featured a central courtyard, reflecting pools, and the iconic prayer hall with its polylobed arches.
Christian Transformation
12th-15th centuryAfter Alfonso I of Aragon captured the city, the palace was adapted for Christian monarchs. Peter IV of Aragon significantly expanded the site, adding Gothic-style royal apartments while preserving the earlier Islamic core.
Royal and Inquisition Use
15th-18th centuryThe Catholic Monarchs added a new palace wing in the Mudéjar style. Later, the site was repurposed by the Inquisition, which utilized the building as its tribunal headquarters, leading to structural changes and the addition of prison cells.
Modern Restoration
20th century - presentFollowing decades of military use, the palace underwent extensive restoration starting in the 1940s. It was declared a National Monument in 1931 and now functions as the home of the Aragonese parliament.